Jogo Responsável e Saúde Mental: Tópicos para uma Estratégia Integrada na Prevenção e Redução de Danos das Adições Comportamentais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.2019.v5.i4.89Palavras-chave:
Comportamento Aditivo, Jogo de Azar/prevenção e controlo, Promoção da Saúde, Redução do Dano, Saúde Mental/legislação e jurisprudênciaResumo
Os problemas de jogo constituem uma preocupação crescente no domínio da saúde, com graves consequências psicossociais e na saúde mental. Alguns esforços a nível internacional têm sido empreendidos nas últimas décadas pelas entidades reguladoras e da saúde, visando práticas de jogo mais seguras e menos lesivas. Um vasto consenso em torno da promoção de estratégias de jogo responsável é atualmente aceite, não obstante a implementação de políticas neste domínio seja pouco sistematizada e não se traduza, frequentemente e de modo evidente, em práticas validadas de promoção do jogo responsável e de prevenção da morbilidade associada. Este artigo tem como objetivo uma revisão teórica e dos achados da investigação científica que dão suporte à necessidade de investimento no campo do jogo responsável, propondo recomendações que subsidiem o desenvolvimento de políticas estratégicas que priorizem a minimização de danos e a prevenção dos problemas de jogo. Foi desenvolvida uma revisão da literatura através de uma procura intensiva de conteúdos publicados nas bases de dados internacionais e por meio de contactos colaborativos com investigadores no domínio dos comportamentos aditivos sem substância. Foram selecionados artigos científicos e documentos conformadores produzidos por entidades científicas e governamentais, relacionados com prevenção e redução de riscos e minimização de danos dos problemas de jogo, publicados entre 1998 e 2018. Vários instrumentos no domínio do jogo responsável são identificados como boas práticas e devidamente baseados na evidência, sendo necessária a continuidade da sua implementação bem como a sua replicação noutros contextos. Outros ainda parecem ser promissores, mas requisitam investigação adicional.
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