Caracterização da População de Doentes da Primeira Consulta de Psiquiatria de Ligação a Nefrologia no Centro Hospitalar Tondela -Viseu: Um Estudo de 8 Anos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.456Palavras-chave:
Comunicação Interdisciplinar, Encaminhamento e Consulta, Insuficiência Renal Crónica/psicologia, Perturbações MentaisResumo
Introdução: O diagnóstico de doença renal crónica terminal confronta os pacientes com a necessidade de adaptação e aquisição de estratégias de coping ante a possibilidade de poder vir a depender de uma máquina de diálise para a sua sobrevivência. Este período é variável e tendo em conta as complicações recorrentes da doença renal crónica (DRC), é provável que estas conduzam a um processo de ajustamento intermitente e/ou crónico. Desta forma, temos como objetivo a caracterização da população de doentes enviados à consulta de Psiquiatria de Ligação a Nefrologia no Centro Hospitalar Tondela -Viseu nos últimos 8 anos.Métodos: Procedeu -se à consulta de todas as referenciações à consulta de Psiquiatria de Ligação a Nefrologia no Centro Hospitalar Tondela -Viseu no período compreendido entre Janeiro de 2014 a Dezembro de 2021.
Resultados: Foram referenciados 118 pacientes à consulta de Psiquiatria de Ligação a Nefrologia no Centro Hospitalar Tondela -Viseu no período compreendido entre Janeiro de 2014 a Dezembro de 2021, totalizando 547 consultas. Evidência científica crescente relata uma elevada prevalência de perturbações neuropsiquiátricas, designadamente degeneração cognitiva, perturbações depressivas e perturbações de ansiedade em pacientes com doença renal crónica. Na população estudada, observou -se uma elevada prevalência de reacções de ajustamento e perturbações depressivas, bem como declínio cognitivo de etiologia multifactorial.
Conclusão: As interacções cérebro ‑rim são complexas e multifacetadas, justificando a significativa comorbilidade neuropsiquiátrica observada em pacientes com DRC. Assim, é clara a necessidade de sensibilização das equipas médicas e de enfermagem para uma maior atenção a sinais de distress e de doença psiquiátrica nesta população de pacientes, com necessidade de subsequente referenciação. Esta intervenção procura assim, promover a adaptação à vivência da doença, facilitando simultaneamente a adesão aos tratamentos e a gestão dos efeitos secundários do mesmo. Apuramos que o perfil do doente encaminhado à consulta de Psiquiatria de Ligação a Nefrologia no Centro Hospitalar Tondela -Viseu é o indivíduo do sexo masculino, 63 anos, portador de DRC terminal em hemodiálise, encaminhado por sintomas depressivos, a quem é diagnosticado uma reacção de ajustamento e medicado com uma associação de antidepressivo e ansiolítico.
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