Comportamentos Autolesivos Não Suicidários na Adolescência e a Perspetiva das Terapias Cognitivo-Comportamentais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.390Palavras-chave:
Adolescente, Comportamentos Autolesivos/tratamento, Fatores de Risco, Terapia Cognitivo-ComportamentalResumo
Os comportamentos autolesivos, sejam eles suicidários ou não suicidários, constituem atualmente um incontornável problema de saúde pública, pela sua elevada incidência e impacto. Os comportamentos autolesivos não suicidários
são mais comuns na fase da adolescência, mesmo em jovens com um desenvolvimento normativo. A sua prevalência
é, contudo, consideravelmente superior na população clínica, com 50% a 60% dos adolescentes com psicopatologia
a apresentar episódios únicos ou repetidos de comportamentos autolesivos não suicidários. Estes comportamentos podem associar-se a mais do que uma causa e função, em resultado da interação entre múltiplos fatores de risco e de manutenção, como por exemplo, genéticos, biológicos, psiquiátricos, psicológicos, sociais e culturais. A prevalência significativa de comportamentos autolesivos não suicidários na população clínica e os desafios associados à abordagem destes jovens, seja numa componente de avaliação ou de intervenção, contribuem para a pertinência desta revisão narrativa cujos objetivos são a caracterização destes comportamentos e, por outro lado, a pesquisa de evidência sobre a vertente de avaliação e intervenção na perspetiva das terapias cognitivo-comportamentais.
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