Como Parar de Devorar os Problemas? Estado de Arte sobre as Intervenções na Perturbação de Ingestão Alimentar Compulsiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.380Palavras-chave:
Perturbação da Ingestão Alimentar Compulsiva/psicologia, Perturbação da Ingestão Alimentar Compulsiva/tratamento, Psicoterapia Cognitivo ComportamentalResumo
As perturbações do comportamento alimentar são incapacitantes, mortais e acarretam um custo elevado para as sociedades. Apesar do enorme impacto, existem poucas alternativas terapêuticas disponíveis, com psicofármacos a serem prescritos off-label e a psicoterapia cognitivo-comportamental indicada como primeira linha de tratamento.
O objetivo deste trabalho recai sobre um levantamento da evidência científica sobre as estratégias terapêuticas, com especial foco na psicoterapia cognitivo comportamental e perturbação da ingestão alimentar compulsiva (PIAC).
Esta patologia pode ser vista como uma tentativa de controlar experiências internas negativas, tais como pensamentos, emoções dolorosas ou impulsos percecionados como incontroláveis. Para além desta característica, a investigação científica tem mostrado a importância da vergonha e autocrítica nos distúrbios alimentares.
Existem várias intervenções terapêuticas tais como a psicoterapia cognitivo-comportamental (PCC), PCC melhorada, psicoterapia interpessoal, técnicas de terceira geração de PCC e psicofarmacologia. Todas elas apresentam abordagens com base em ângulos distintos. Neste sentido, é importante que os clínicos tenham conhecimento sobre as diferenças por forma a oferecerem uma intervenção mais individualizada e dirigida a cada doente.
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