Sentimentos de Solidão devidos à Quarentena por COVID‑19 e a sua Relação com Traços Ansiosos e Empatia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51338/rppsm.292Palavras-chave:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Empatia, Solidão, Ansiedade, Isolamento Social, Pandemia, Saúde MentalResumo
Introdução: Pretendemos compreender como a solidão e a empatia se relacionam com o período de quarentena/confinamento e explorar a relação entre solidão, empatia e traços ansiosos.
Métodos: Trata‑se de um estudo observacional e transversal, incluindo 364 participantes. Foram distribuídos questionários de auto‑preenchimento em formato online, compostos pelas escalas UCLA Loneliness scale (avaliar a solidão), STAI‑Y (avaliar traços ansiosos) e IRI (avaliar empatia). Recorremos a métodos estatísticos descritivos e inferenciais para a análise estatística dos dados obtidos. Foi considerado estatisticamente significativo um p<0,05.
Resultados: A média na escala IRI foi de 60,46 (±10,88), na UCLA Loneliness scale obtivemos uma media de 32,70 (± 8,11) e na STAI‑Y uma média de 42,01 (± 12,29). Não foi encontrada uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre empatia e solidão (p>0,05). É de notar que a solidão correlaciona‑se positivamente com os traços ansiosos (p<0,05) e que comorbilidades psiquiátricas estavam associadas a maiores níveis de solidão e de traços ansiosos (p<0,05).
Conclusão: Cremos que a coesão social, a solidariedade e o contacto online tenham tido um papel fundamental na preservação da empatia e na sensação de solidão. O facto de que a solidão possa ser experienciada de forma positiva (como por exemplo, no fortalecimento das relação dentro do agregado familiar) pode ser a razão pela qual esta não esteja estatisticamente correlacionada com a empatia. Por último, a correlação positiva entre traços ansiosos e solidão realça a vulnerabilidade de sujeitos tendencialmente ansiosos, tornando premente a promoção de saúde e bem‑estar mental durante a quarentena/confinamento.
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